Toluene, C6H5CH3, is oxidized by air under carefully controlled conditions tobenzoic acid, C6H5CO2H, which is used to prepare the food preservative sodium benzoate, C6H5CO2Na. What is the percent yield of a reaction that converts 1.000 kg of toluene to 1.21 kg of benzoic acid?
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Toluene molar mass = 92 g / mol
Molar mass of benzoic acid = 122 g / mol
If 1,000 kg of toluene produces 1.21 kg of benzoic acid, 1,000 g of toluene produces 1.21 g of benzoic acid.
If the yield is 100%, 92 g of toluene (1 mol) would produce 122 g of benzoic acid (1 mol)
With this stoichiometric ratio, 1 g of toluene will produce x g of benzoic acid
x = 1,326 g of benzoic acid.
Since only 1.21 g is produced, the yield will be
(1.21 / 1,326) · 100 = 91.25%
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