The first modern Olympic Games took place in Athens, Greece, in _____. There were 245 athletes from fourteen countries and they competed in 43 events. Women didn’t take part in the first games – all the athletes were men. Over a century later, the Olympic Games are on a much bigger scale. At the London Olympics in 2012, for example, over _____ athletes from 204 countries competed in 300 events! And _____ of them were women.
Since 1988, two weeks after the Olympic Games finish, the Paralympic Games start. This is an opportunity for athletes with a disability to compete in the same sporting arenas as the Olympic athletes. The name ‘Paralympic’ comes from the Greek word para, which means ‘beside’. The idea of people with a disability doing sport first came about in a village in England called Stoke Mandeville.
A German, Dr Guttmann, was working there in _____. He was treating men with spinal injuries when he decided that they should play some sport. This was surprising because these men couldn’t walk. Guttmann used to encourage the men to play in their wheelchairs. In 1948, when the UK hosted the Olympic games in London, Guttmann held the first Stoke Mandeville Games for athletes with disabilities. This was the start of the Paralympics.
Nowadays, Paralympic athletes compete in 20 sports, such as athletics, swimming, cycling, wheelchair basketball and sitting volleyball. One of the sports that athletes with impaired vision play is Football _____ -a-side. To play this sport, which first started in Spain in the _____'s, players wear an eye mask and use a special football. It contains a bell that makes a noise when it moves. When players hear this, they can locate the ball.
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