Realizar una ficha explicativa sobre las neuronas.
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Neurons are the specific cells of the nervous system, which are capable of transmitting nerve impulses or the other cells of the body. There are several types of neurons, depending on: - their shape and size, which can be polyhedral, spindle-shaped, spherical, spherical or pyramidal.
The main function of the neuron is the transmission of messages in the form of nerve impulses to other cells, which is translated into "instructions" for the body. For example, the voluntary movement of a muscle, or involuntary but necessary reactions such as the perception of pain before a blow or burn, just to name a few.
This process of receiving, processing and sending messages is carried out during the synapse, a process that can be of two types:
Electrical synapse: it is characterized by the transmission of ions between one neuron and another through protein connections, called gap junctions or slit junctions, which allow the transmission of the electrical impulse without requiring the intervention of a neurotransmitter. The electrical synapse is bidirectional and faster than a chemical synapse.
Chemical synapse: In this case, neurons release and receive neurotransmitters, which are small molecules that carry information to an immediate cell. Some of the best known neurotransmirors are dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin, norepinephrine, endorphin, and oxytocin.
The neuron has nucleus, perikaryon, dendrites, axon,.
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