. Hallar la composición porcentual para los siguientes compuestos: H2O, HNO3, NaOH, C12H24O12, Li2SO4 .
Respuestas a la pregunta
H2O
Mm H2O
H: 2 x 1 = 2 g/mol
O: 1 x 16 = 16 g/mol
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Mm = 18 g/mol
Hidrógeno
18 g ----- 100 %
2 g ----- x
x = 11.11 % H
Oxigeno
18 g ----- 100 %
16 g ----- x
x = 88.89 % O
HNO3
Mm HNO3
H: 1 x 1 = 1 g/mol
N: 1 x 14 = 14 g/mol
O: 3 x 16 = 48 g/mol
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Mm = 63 g/mol
Hidrógeno
63 g ----- 100 %
1 g ----- x
x = 1.59 % H
Nitrógeno
63 g ----- 100 %
14 g ----- x
x = 22.22 % N
Oxigeno
63 g ----- 100 %
48 g ----- x
x = 76.19 % O
NaOH
Na: 1 x 23 = 23 g/mol
H: 1 x 1 = 1 g/mol
O: 1 x 16 = 16 g/mol
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Mm = 40 g/mol
Sodio
40 g --- 100 %
23 g --- x
x = 57.5 % Na
Oxigeno
40 g --- 100 %
16 g --- x
x = 40 % O
Hidrógeno
40 g --- 100 %
1 g --- x
x = 2.5% H
C12H24O12
Mm
C: 12 x 12 = 144 g/mol
H: 24 x 1 = 24 g/mol
O: 12 x 16 = 192 g/mol
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Mm = 360 g/mol
Carbono
360 g ---- 100 %
144 g ----- x
x = 40 % C
Hidrógeno
360 g ---- 100 %
24 g ----- x
x = 6.67 % H
Oxígeno
360 g ---- 100 %
192 g ----- x
x = 53.3 % O
Li2SO4
Mm
Li: 2 x 7 = 14 g/mol
S: 1 x 32 = 32 g/mol
O: 4 x 16 = 64 g/mol
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Mm = 110 g/mol
Litio
110 g ------ 100 %
14 g ------ x
x = 12.72 % Li
Azufre
110 g ------ 100 %
32 g ------ x
x = 20.1 % S
Oxígeno
110 g ------ 100 %
64 g ------ x
x = 58.18 % O