Explain the main functions of the circulatory system?
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The circulatory system or circulatory system is the anatomical structure composed of the cardiovascular system that drives and circulates the blood, and the lymphatic system that leads the lymph unidirectionally to the heart.
In the human being, the cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and blood, and the lymphatic system that is composed of the lymphatic vessels, the lymph nodes, the lymphatic organs (the spleen and the thymus), bone marrow and lymphatic tissues (such as the amygdala and Peyer's patches) and lymph.
Blood is a type of specialized fluid conjunctive tissue, with a liquid colloidal matrix, a complex constitution and a characteristic red color. It has a solid phase (formed elements, which includes leukocytes (or white blood cells), erythrocytes (or red blood cells), platelets and a liquid phase, represented by blood plasma (Figure 10).
The lymph is a clear fluid that runs through the lymphatic vessels and generally lacks pigments. It is produced after the excess of fluid that leaves the blood capillaries to the interstitial or intercellular space, and is collected by the lymphatic capillaries, which drain thicker lymphatic vessels until converging in ducts that empty into the subclavian veins.
The main function of the circulatory system is to pass nutrients (such as amino acids, electrolytes and lymph), gases, hormones, blood cells, among others, to the cells of the body, collect the metabolic waste that must be eliminated later by the kidneys , in the urine, and by the exhaled air in the lungs, rich in carbon dioxide (CO2). In addition, it defends the body of infections and helps stabilize the temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
In the most evolved vertebrates, with homeothermal characteristics, such as birds and mammals (including humans), the heart has four chambers (tetracameral) and the circulation is double and complete