Question

a.Choose the right option.
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Answer 1

Hola, Deivid1415:

➤ EXERCISE A

Choose the right option.

• The ecosystem

What is needed to survive? How do living things interact? Is there food, water, comfortable temperature, or shelter? All of the answers to these questions are found in the ecosystem. [An ecosystem is all living things and non-living things and how they interact with each other.]¹ Ecology is the study of how all these things interact with each other in order to survive. An ecosystem may be very small, like a backyard or a pond. Or it can be large, like a prairie, a desert, or a rain forest. There are freshwater ecosystems that cover less space than saltwater ecosystems. Regardless of where they are located or how small or large they may be, all ecosystems are made up of the same parts. These parts are either living or non-living and are equally important to the ecosystem. [The non-living parts of the ecosystem are called abiotic factors.]² All living things need non-living things in order to survive. Some all these abiotic factors include water, minerals, sunlight, air, climate, and soil.

All living things need water to survive. Living organisms are made up of between 50 and 95 percent water. The processes that keep living things alive, like photosynthesis and respiration, can only take place in the presence of water. Living things also need minerals, such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Some living things need sunlight to make food. Animals need oxygen to produce energy for their bodies. The environment must also have the right temperature for organisms to survive. Without these non-living things, life would cease to exist. Abiotic factors are essential to the ecosystem. Just like abiotic factors make it possible for organisms in an ecosystem to survive, biotic factors are equally important for survival in the ecosystem. [Biotic factors, or living parts of the ecosystem, include animals, plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria.]³ Plants and algae are called producers. They produce oxygen and food that animals need. Animals are called consumers. They consume or eat the plants and other animals. Animals also give off carbon dioxide the plants need to make food. Thus, the ecosystem is a continuous cycle of living and non-living things interacting with each other to survive.

[What do fungi and bacteria contribute to the ecosystem? They are very important because they are decomposers. They decompose, or break down, dead plants and animals, and turn them into useful things like minerals that enrich the soil.]⁶ Plants need this to grow. Each of these kinds of organisms helps the other to survive in the ecosystem. [Each kind of organism, whether it is an animal, plant, fungus, or bacteria, is a member of a different species.]⁴ [All the organisms of a species living in the same area make up a population.]⁵ And all populations living in certain areas make up a community.

Scientists study the interaction of different populations in an ecosystem’s community. This helps them to determine how an ecosystem stays healthy and continues to grow. It further describes how living and non-living organisms work together to provide survival for each other. Whether large or small, whether abiotic or biotic, the ecosystem depends on the interaction of each in order to remain healthy.

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➤ ANSWER KEY

a. Choose the right option.

1. An ecosystem is best described by which of the following?

a. All living things and non-living things and how they interact with each other. ✔️  

b. How living things survive and remain healthy.

c. All living things on non-living things and how they survive in dependently.

d. When the sunlight gives life to the non-living things.

2. The non-living parts of the ecosystem are called which of the following?

a. Biotic factors

b. Environmental factors

c. Abiotic factors ✔️  

d. Climate factors

3. The living parts of an ecosystem are called which of the following?

a. Abiotic factors

b. Environmental factors

c. Climate factors

d. Biotic factors ✔️  

4. Each kind of organism, whether it is an animal plant fungus or bacteria is a member of a different...

a. family

b. species ✔️  

c. culture

d. factor

5. All the organisms of a species living in the same area make up which of the following?

a. An ecosystem

b. A producer

c. A population ✔️  

d. A consumer

6. Fungi and bacteria contribute which the following to the ecosystem?

a. They decompose dead plants and animals and send them into useful things. ✔️  

b. They consume dead plants and survive in the community.

c. They provide oxygen to other plants and animals in the ecosystem.

d. They give off carbon dioxide to plants so they can make food.

NOTAS:

1. Hay algunos errores en el texto, que he corregido. No ha quedado espacio para explicaciones ni para la traducción.

2. Todas las respuestas están en el texto. He subrayado y numerado las oraciones que debes tener en cuenta para escoger las alternativas correctas.

Saludos.  ✨

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